Powdery Mildew: Info and control

Pure crop 1 is a lifesaver. Safe for use even the hours/minutes before harvesting. Great for bugs, boytris, and pm.

Start using early in veg. Foliar and/or soil drench in veg, foliar in flower. Will NOT effect trichomes or taste/smell of the buds.
 
Good thread @BH
Id have to admit that Im a believer in the Systemic approach. Years ago in a different indoor grow spot that left me constantly vulnerable to PM I used sprays, drenches, milk, etc and it only knocked it down. Great air flow/air exchange/RH/etc in the grow, just too close to "outdoors" to keep mother nature out no matter how hard I tried. Never fully eradicated it and I think this is because it wasnt being addressed on a systemic level, only an external surface level.
I chose to try Infuse by Bonide. It is a systemic disease control that gets absorbed into the plant. I incorporated this into my IPM rotation and within a week I was -completely- PM free. Fast forward some years and 2 different grow locations and I am STILL 100% PM free. I use this religiously on mommas that I have had for years as well as all of my new transplants, clones, and young vegging plants. It claims to stay in the plant for up to 4 weeks so its easy to incorporate into a regular IPM.
I must say that due to it being a systemic, it is a terrible choice for using on plants that are already in flower or going into flower period -DONT DO IT.
It has a half life that needs to be considered when applying it. You def dont want to smoke anything that is treated with ANY systemic or anything that leaves residuals in your plants for any extended period of time. This is where an ounce of prevention trumps a pound of cure. Treat everything in veg and it never has a chance to find your flowering plants. Its just simply no longer a suitable host for Powdery Mildew.
I swear by this stuff 💯

infuse PM.png
 
Good thread @BH
Id have to admit that Im a believer in the Systemic approach. Years ago in a different indoor grow spot that left me constantly vulnerable to PM I used sprays, drenches, milk, etc and it only knocked it down. Great air flow/air exchange/RH/etc in the grow, just too close to "outdoors" to keep mother nature out no matter how hard I tried. Never fully eradicated it and I think this is because it wasnt being addressed on a systemic level, only an external surface level.
I chose to try Infuse by Bonide. It is a systemic disease control that gets absorbed into the plant. I incorporated this into my IPM rotation and within a week I was -completely- PM free. Fast forward some years and 2 different grow locations and I am STILL 100% PM free. I use this religiously on mommas that I have had for years as well as all of my new transplants, clones, and young vegging plants. It claims to stay in the plant for up to 4 weeks so its easy to incorporate into a regular IPM.
I must say that due to it being a systemic, it is a terrible choice for using on plants that are already in flower or going into flower period -DONT DO IT.
It has a half life that needs to be considered when applying it. You def dont want to smoke anything that is treated with ANY systemic or anything that leaves residuals in your plants for any extended period of time. This is where an ounce of prevention trumps a pound of cure. Treat everything in veg and it never has a chance to find your flowering plants. Its just simply no longer a suitable host for Powdery Mildew.
I swear by this stuff 💯

View attachment 249838
If it works it works but I suggest watch that video, pm is not Systemic

I’m in no way arguing or saying ur advice is bad but hear me out
The experience with Infuse is legitimate anecdotal evidence that propiconazole suppressed PM, but the explanation is where it falls apart. Powdery mildew is primarily an external/epiphytic infection; it does not become a systemic infection throughout the plant simply because surface treatments failed. A systemic fungicide works because the fungicide moves into plant tissue and protects/inhibits fungal development, not because PM itself is “systemic.”


Likewise, saying that treating in veg makes the plant permanently unsuitable for PM is an overstatement. Propiconazole has a limited residual period, and new growth isn’t permanently protected. Most importantly, a product being systemic does not make it appropriate for a professional smokable-crop program. The relevant questions are the crop label, residue tolerance, PHI, and inhalation exposure—not simply whether the chemical was applied during veg.


So the observation—“Infuse kept my plants PM-free”—may be true for that grower. The conclusion—“PM is systemic, therefore treating veg makes the plant safe from PM and the residue issue is solved”—doesn’t logically follow
 
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I struggled with PM in the past at an old indoor grow space. Starting using Regalia, it really works, haven't seen PM on my indoor plants since. My outdoor plants have zero PM, and it's been a wet humid year, too. It's a must have for growing outdoors in the NE.
 
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I struggled with PM in the past at an old indoor grow space. Starting using Regalia, it really works, haven't seen PM on my indoor plants since. My outdoor plants have zero PM, and it's been a wet humid year, too. It's a must have for growing outdoors in the NE.

Same here, SAR is key and even if u don’t have mold issues boosting ur girls with such is such a nice gain exp for speciality plants like cannabis. I can visually see health boost and when girls get old or sad rrgalia is my exp booster and bacteria 🦠

Regalia — main mode of action


Regalia contains an extract of Reynoutria sachalinensis (giant knotweed). It is primarily a plant defense activator/elicitor, rather than a conventional fungicide that directly kills the pathogen.

  • SAR/defense activation: The extract stimulates the plant’s natural defense mechanisms, including pathways associated with systemic acquired resistance (SAR).
  • Defense priming: Instead of directly poisoning the fungus, it puts the plant into a heightened state of defense so it can respond more rapidly and strongly when challenged.
  • Multiple defense responses: Activation can increase production of natural defensive compounds and strengthen physical/biochemical barriers against pathogen establishment.
  • Systemic effect: The important distinction is that the plant’s defense response can become systemic—that does not mean Regalia itself is a conventional systemic fungicide being translocated throughout the plant.
  • Preventative tool: Because you’re primarily stimulating the plant’s defenses, it makes the most sense as a preventative/early disease-management tool, rather than something to rely on for eliminating an established infection.


with vegetables—there were certain crops where I used to constantly battle PM and leaf spot. Now I rarely see PM on cucumbers/melons and have very little disease pressure on the rest of my vegetables and fruit.


I tried just about everything over the years, including some questionable approaches, but Regalia (and bacteria) was one of the products that really changed my results. The key, IMO, is supporting the plant’s own defense response rather than relying entirely on products that directly attack the pathogen. Before Regalia, I experimented with willow/aspirin as a way of stimulating similar defense pathways, but the results were nowhere near as consistent or effective.

I grow in an environment OD that can sit around 70–100% RH with nights frequently below 50°F, so disease pressure can be pretty intense. I also use Regalia indoors because the plant-defense response it induces can be useful throughout the crop cycle, particularly as plants get older and environmental stress accumulates.

Even for people who don’t want to foliar late in flower, I’d consider incorporating a properly labeled Regalia drench into an IPM/root-zone program. Just follow the specific product label for the crop and application method you’re using. 3-15ml per gal every 7-21 days


One tip for anyone doing drenches: I prefer pre-wetting the medium thoroughly first, then applying the biological/elicitor solution. That gives you much more even distribution through the root zone instead of trying to push a concentrated application through a dry or hydrophobic medium.

for Regalia I personally use both foliar and root-zone applications depending on the situation. The main thing is understanding what you’re trying to accomplish and choosing the application method that makes sense for your crop, environment, and budget.

+


The second component I like adding to a biological IPM program is a Bacillus-based biofungicide such as Southern AG Biological Fungicide, CEASE, or Double Nickel. I use it as a complementary mode of action alongside an SAR elicitor like Regalia.


Double Nickel, for example, contains Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain D747. Unlike a conventional systemic fungicide, its activity comes from several biological mechanisms:


Antibiosis: D747 produces antimicrobial compounds, including lipopeptides such as iturin-, fengycin-, and surfactin-type metabolites that can interfere with fungal growth and cell membranes.


Competition: The bacteria colonize plant surfaces and compete with pathogens for nutrients and space.


Direct antagonism: The established bacterial population can suppress pathogen germination and development through a combination of microbial competition and antimicrobial metabolites.


Plant-defense stimulation: Bacillus can also contribute to induced plant defense responses, giving you another layer of protection beyond direct pathogen suppression.


Colonization/biofilm formation: Establishing beneficial bacteria on the plant surface helps maintain biological competition against pathogens between applications.


That’s why I like pairing a Bacillus biological with an SAR/defense elicitor: you’re approaching disease suppression from different biological mechanisms rather than relying on one approach alone.


They’re also relatively inexpensive and generally have a favorable safety profile when used according to the label. I use Bacillus products both as foliar applications and, where the label permits, in root-zone programs.


For foliar applications, good coverage is important. A compatible wetting agent can help improve coverage (yucca is great), and after significant rainfall outdoors, biological products may need to be reapplied according to the label because you’re relying on organisms remaining established on the plant surface.


Southern AG Biological Fungicide is another convenient source of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and can be considerably less expensive than some specialty biological products. Just compare the strain, concentration, and label directions rather than assuming products containing the same species are automatically interchangeable.


For storage i suggest fridge for the SABF or liquid based bacteria and write when u opened open. 12-16 months should be ur expire date. check if bottle has a date for expiration. dosage for foliar of SABF is 1-2T per gal of water for prevention and medium-higher mold pressure 2-5T of SABF per gallon of water

 
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Same here, SAR is key and even if u don’t have mold issues boosting ur girls with such is such a nice gain exp for speciality plants like cannabis. I can visually see health boost and when girls get old or sad rrgalia is my exp booster and bacteria 🦠

Regalia — main mode of action


Regalia contains an extract of Reynoutria sachalinensis (giant knotweed). It is primarily a plant defense activator/elicitor, rather than a conventional fungicide that directly kills the pathogen.

  • SAR/defense activation: The extract stimulates the plant’s natural defense mechanisms, including pathways associated with systemic acquired resistance (SAR).
  • Defense priming: Instead of directly poisoning the fungus, it puts the plant into a heightened state of defense so it can respond more rapidly and strongly when challenged.
  • Multiple defense responses: Activation can increase production of natural defensive compounds and strengthen physical/biochemical barriers against pathogen establishment.
  • Systemic effect: The important distinction is that the plant’s defense response can become systemic—that does not mean Regalia itself is a conventional systemic fungicide being translocated throughout the plant.
  • Preventative tool: Because you’re primarily stimulating the plant’s defenses, it makes the most sense as a preventative/early disease-management tool, rather than something to rely on for eliminating an established infection.


with vegetables—there were certain crops where I used to constantly battle PM and leaf spot. Now I rarely see PM on cucumbers/melons and have very little disease pressure on the rest of my vegetables and fruit.


I tried just about everything over the years, including some questionable approaches, but Regalia (and bacteria) was one of the products that really changed my results. The key, IMO, is supporting the plant’s own defense response rather than relying entirely on products that directly attack the pathogen. Before Regalia, I experimented with willow/aspirin as a way of stimulating similar defense pathways, but the results were nowhere near as consistent or effective.

I grow in an environment OD that can sit around 70–100% RH with nights frequently below 50°F, so disease pressure can be pretty intense. I also use Regalia indoors because the plant-defense response it induces can be useful throughout the crop cycle, particularly as plants get older and environmental stress accumulates.

Even for people who don’t want to foliar late in flower, I’d consider incorporating a properly labeled Regalia drench into an IPM/root-zone program. Just follow the specific product label for the crop and application method you’re using. 3-15ml per gal every 7-21 days


One tip for anyone doing drenches: I prefer pre-wetting the medium thoroughly first, then applying the biological/elicitor solution. That gives you much more even distribution through the root zone instead of trying to push a concentrated application through a dry or hydrophobic medium.

for Regalia I personally use both foliar and root-zone applications depending on the situation. The main thing is understanding what you’re trying to accomplish and choosing the application method that makes sense for your crop, environment, and budget.

+


The second component I like adding to a biological IPM program is a Bacillus-based biofungicide such as Southern AG Biological Fungicide, CEASE, or Double Nickel. I use it as a complementary mode of action alongside an SAR elicitor like Regalia.


Double Nickel, for example, contains Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain D747. Unlike a conventional systemic fungicide, its activity comes from several biological mechanisms:


Antibiosis: D747 produces antimicrobial compounds, including lipopeptides such as iturin-, fengycin-, and surfactin-type metabolites that can interfere with fungal growth and cell membranes.


Competition: The bacteria colonize plant surfaces and compete with pathogens for nutrients and space.


Direct antagonism: The established bacterial population can suppress pathogen germination and development through a combination of microbial competition and antimicrobial metabolites.


Plant-defense stimulation: Bacillus can also contribute to induced plant defense responses, giving you another layer of protection beyond direct pathogen suppression.


Colonization/biofilm formation: Establishing beneficial bacteria on the plant surface helps maintain biological competition against pathogens between applications.


That’s why I like pairing a Bacillus biological with an SAR/defense elicitor: you’re approaching disease suppression from different biological mechanisms rather than relying on one approach alone.


They’re also relatively inexpensive and generally have a favorable safety profile when used according to the label. I use Bacillus products both as foliar applications and, where the label permits, in root-zone programs.


For foliar applications, good coverage is important. A compatible wetting agent can help improve coverage (yucca is great), and after significant rainfall outdoors, biological products may need to be reapplied according to the label because you’re relying on organisms remaining established on the plant surface.


Southern AG Biological Fungicide is another convenient source of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and can be considerably less expensive than some specialty biological products. Just compare the strain, concentration, and label directions rather than assuming products containing the same species are automatically interchangeable.


For storage i suggest fridge for the SABF or liquid based bacteria and write when u opened open. 12-16 months should be ur expire date. check if bottle has a date for expiration. dosage for foliar of SABF is 1-2T per gal of water for prevention and medium-higher mold pressure 2-5T of SABF per gallon of water

Is PM a regional thing? I've never had it or have seen it in person, just online pics and videos. Is it more prevalent outdoors than in? Most outdoor guys here get bud rot, not pm
 
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Is PM a regional thing? I've never had it or have seen it in person, just online pics and videos. Is it more prevalent outdoors than in? Most outdoor guys here get bud rot, not pm


Yes, absolutely. Powdery mildew can occur indoors just as readily as outdoors when the environmental conditions allow it. “Powdery mildew” is also not one single organism—there are many different species and host-specific groups, with differences in biology and infection behavior.


The same principle applies to pests and pathogens in general: organisms can belong to the same family or broader group while still being distinct species with different biology, host ranges, life cycles, and susceptibilities. That’s why you can’t assume that because two diseases look similar—or are related taxonomically—they necessarily behave the same way or respond to the same control method.

Beyond powdery mildew, a range of fungal (and oomycete) pathogens infect cannabis, with some showing clear regional patterns:

Powdery Mildew​

SpeciesRegion / Context
Podosphaera macularis (hop PM)Pacific Northwest (OR, WA), British Columbia — tied to proximity of hop production
Golovinomyces ambrosiaePredominant cannabis PM pathogen in greenhouses/indoors; reported in Oregon, British Columbia, and broadly in Canadian production
Golovinomyces cichoracearumKentucky, Ohio, New York, northern California (outdoor/field)

powdery mildew (Golovinomyces spp. and Podosphaera macularis) is the main exception. Unlike Botrytis, Fusarium, or Pythium, which need free water or RH above ~60–65% to germinate, PM can still infect and produce conidia below 50% RH. One source puts it bluntly: it "thrives at RH above 95%, yet can still produce heavily even when RH drops below 50%."

That's why airflow is the critical second lever beyond VPD. The mechanism:

  • PM conidia are passive — they need to settle on a leaf surface to germinate.
  • Even at "safe" RH, stagnant air lets spores deposit and establish colonies.
  • Gentle, continuous canopy movement (oscillating fans, leaf flutter) physically prevents settlement regardless of ambient RH.

proper VPD + proper airflow together are what actually control PM in a low-RH environment. VPD alone (i.e., just hitting your target RH) isn't sufficient if air is still around the canopy. This is also why the lights-off temperature drop is dangerous — the RH spike combined with reduced transpiration and any air stratification creates the window PM exploits even in otherwise well-managed rooms



Spore size: Individual conidia are ~10–37 µm (e.g., G. cichoracearum: 29–37 µm long × 12–17 µm wide; P. macularis: ellipsoid/ovoid with fibrosin bodies; G. ambrosiae: cylindrical to barrel-shaped). Human naked-eye resolution is roughly ~100 µm, so a single spore is invisible — what you actually see is a colony of mycelium + chains of conidia collectively producing the white "powder" film.

Time from infection to visibility:

PhaseTimeline
Spore lands, germinates, forms appressorium + haustorium~24–48 h
Colon grows internally (still invisible)Days 2–5
First visible white spots / faint film~5–7 days (most commonly cited)
Distinct powdery patches, easy to spot~7–10 days
Spread to adjacent leaves, stems, buds~10–14 days
Whole-room / whole-canopy contamination5–10 days after first visible sign

So the practical answer: you're looking at roughly a week of invisible infection before anything shows up. That's why scouting frequency matters more than the VPD number alone — by the time you see it, the colony has already been producing secondary spores for a day or two, and the spore load in the room air is already climbing. This is also why many home growers if they lab tested their harvest even indoors their product may show as pm or mold by their standards. U def may not see it to have their limits
 
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